The course covers various aspects of the evolving discourse on human rights within Islamic thought, with particular attention to contemporary reformist and progressive approaches. Students are given a general introduction to the historical role of traditional interpretations of Islam in shaping legal and social frameworks in Muslim-majority countries, and how these interpretations have often conflicted with international human rights standards. The course deals with the topic in practice by examining reformist methodologies and their engagement with issues such as women’s rights, minority rights, freedom of religion, apostasy, and the relationship between Islam and democracy. Students are also introduced to theoretical approaches that underpin reformist thought, including concepts of justice, human dignity, equality, and freedom within Islamic jurisprudence. The course further includes interactive discussions and guest lectures from scholars working in contexts where reformist movements have significantly advanced human rights discourse, enabling students to connect theory with real-world developments.